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The Late Ordovician succession of the Baltic Basin contains a characteristic fine-grained limestone, which is rich in calcareous green algae. This limestone occurs in surface outcrops and drill-cores in an extensive belt reaching from Sweden across the Baltic Sea to the Baltic countries. This limestone, which is known in the literature under several different lithological names, is described and interpreted,...
Aptian carbonates, major hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Persian Gulf, were deposited on a ramp-like platform to intrashelf basinal setting under the controls of tectonics and eustasy. Coated grains (oncoids and pisoids) are abundant and show different textures and internal microstructures depending on the stratigraphic position. These Aptian coated grains are divided according to their texture, cortex...
The Sergipe–Alagoas Basin, in northeastern Brazil, has extensive exposures of carbonate rocks that may be studied as analogues to hydrocarbon reservoirs. The outcrops are equivalent to the pre-salt and post-salt reservoirs of the Campos and Santos basins, the most important hydrocarbon exploration targets nowadays in Brazil. Outcrops and well logs of the Riachuelo Formation, the most important for...
Archaeocyathan sponges were the dominant metazoan framework builders during Series 2 of the Cambrian. After their near extinction during the Toyonian stage (middle Stage 4), this important ecological role was eventually filled by robustly skeletonized lithistid sponges. However, the exact timing of ecological restructuring is not well understood and was likely not contemporaneous across different...
Margins, slopes, and toe-of-slopes represent regions of sediment transfer and bypass from shallow-water settings to the basin. They are zones of sediment flux triggered by different types of physical process including sediment-gravity flows, storm-driven currents, unidirectional currents, and oscillatory flows. As a consequence, they are zones where sediment can be remobilized and strongly reworked...
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